{"id":2972,"date":"2012-06-15T19:07:04","date_gmt":"2012-06-16T00:07:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/realfoodhouston.com\/?p=2972"},"modified":"2018-05-23T16:28:24","modified_gmt":"2018-05-23T21:28:24","slug":"pros-and-cons-of-fosamax-actonel-and-boniva-for-osteoporosis-and-osteopenia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.realfoodhouston.com\/wp-files\/2012\/06\/15\/pros-and-cons-of-fosamax-actonel-and-boniva-for-osteoporosis-and-osteopenia\/","title":{"rendered":"Pros and Cons of Fosamax, Actonel, and Boniva for Osteoporosis and Osteopenia"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Fosamax<\/a>If you are a menopausal or post-menopausal woman, you may have\u00a0been told by your physician\u00a0that you should begin taking bisphosphonates–better known under the brand names Fosamax,\u00a0Actonel, Boniva, Skelid,\u00a0Didronel, and others.\u00a0 Several\u00a0years ago it was recommended that\u00a0I\u00a0take\u00a0Actonel\u00a0after I was diagnosed with osteopenia based on a\u00a0heel bone density test.\u00a0\u00a0I did some research before deciding what to do.\u00a0 The information I found then did not convince me that I should take\u00a0any of the bone loss drugs.\u00a0 Although I no longer have access to that exact information, I remember reading that there was little evidence that the drugs prevented broken bones in women who had not already had fractures, and I had not.\u00a0 I also read that broken bones correlated most strongly with falling, not to whether or not the patient was taking drugs.\u00a0\u00a0After\u00a0reading about\u00a0the most common side effects–upset stomach,\u00a0irritation of the esophagus, and bone or\u00a0joint pain–and\u00a0the very small\u00a0likelihood of preventing broken bones, I decided that the potential benefits did not justify the risk of side effects, and I did\u00a0not\u00a0take the Actonel.<\/p>\n

Just recently I was talking to a friend whose doctor had told her that she should begin taking one of these bone loss drugs.\u00a0 Our discussion of the pros and cons made me think I should take another look at\u00a0the latest research about bisphosphonates,\u00a0which are prescribed\u00a0to millions of people.\u00a0 What I learned\u00a0confirmed my earlier decision\u00a0not to take Actonel and gave me reason to doubt the benefits for\u00a0many others now taking the drugs.\u00a0 Here’s what I found,\u00a0why\u00a0I’m glad I decided\u00a0not to take Actonel years ago, and why\u00a0I would absolutely make the same decision today.<\/p>\n

What are osteoporosis and osteopenia?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

First I looked for more information about osteoporosis and osteopenia–exactly what are they and how do doctors diagnose them? Osteoporosis<\/em> comes from the Greek for ‘porous bones.’\u00a0 It indicates a reduced mineral density of the bone (BMD)\u00a0that can lead to breakage.\u00a0 Bone cells die and new ones are created, but as we age the creation of new bone cells slows down which can reduce bone density.\u00a0\u00a0The information about osteoporosis was about what I expected, but\u00a0what I then learned about osteopenia did<\/em> surprise me.\u00a0 Osteopenia, sometimes called pre-osteoporosis,\u00a0is officially and arbitrarily\u00a0defined as “one standard deviation below that of an average 30-year old white woman.”\u00a0\u00a0This definition is controversial because there is “no<\/em> biological or medical reason for using one standard deviation.”\u00a0 [emphasis mine]\u00a0\u00a0It was defined in 1992 by the World Health Organization and\u00a0was\u00a0intended to indicate a possible growing\u00a0problem.\u00a0 The definition of osteopenia\u00a0“didn’t have any particular diagnostic or therapeutic significance.”\u00a0 So why are so many women diagnosed with osteopenia and told to take bisphosphonates? In fact, more than half of the population probably qualifies as having osteopenia.\u00a0\u00a0Another problem with the diagnosis is that the methods of testing for both osteoporosis and osteopenia are not very reliable, and the diagnosis itself may depend more on what type of machine is used for the test\u00a0than on the actual condition of your bones.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Bisphosphonates are heavily marketed to\u00a0women\u00a0who\u00a0are diagnosed<\/em> with osteopenia and\u00a0who are actually at very low risk of fracture.\u00a0 Another interesting (but not so surprising) bit of information:\u00a0the original\u00a0bisphosphonate drug trials were funded by the pharmaceutical industry and were reviewed by teams that included\u00a0drug company employees.\u00a0 Is this another case of drug companies\u00a0exaggerating risks of a\u00a0disease in order to market\u00a0their drug treatments? [Another example, statins for lowering cholesterol<\/a>]<\/span><\/p>\n

Men can also have osteoporosis–about 30% of osteoporosis fractures–are in men-but, due to their greater bone mass,\u00a0men\u00a0usually break hips, vertebra, or wrists about 10 years later than women.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

What causes\u00a0osteoporosis and osteopenia<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

The primary causes of osteoporosis\u00a0are poor bone growth in adolescence and increased bone loss in perimenopausal women; however, there are other factors that can reduce bone strength. Some are lifestyle habits like smoking tobacco, drinking too much alcohol, and lack of weight-bearing exercise.\u00a0 Another cause is a diet\u00a0poor in nutrients such as\u00a0the Standard American Diet (SAD) which doesn’t have the nutrients needed for healthy bones and teeth,\u00a0such as vitamins A, D, K, B vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids, and minerals.\u00a0 In fact, any condition or illness\u00a0that prevents or hinders our getting nutrients from the\u00a0foods we eat\u00a0can cause\u00a0bone loss.\u00a0\u00a0Some of these\u00a0conditions are (in addition to the SAD)\u00a0anorexia nervosa and other eating disorders, celiac disease,\u00a0inflammatory bowel disease,\u00a0Chron’s disease, liver disease, and excessive weight loss.\u00a0 The common practice of\u00a0feeding dairy cattle grain rather than grass may also contribute to bone loss since\u00a0today’s conventional\u00a0dairy milk has only about 30% of the\u00a0conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)<\/a>\u00a0that it had before 1960.\u00a0 CLA\u00a0has many health benefits, including\u00a0increase in bone mineral density<\/a>.\u00a0\u00a0Many Americans take multiple prescription drugs every day, and lots of these medications can cause bone loss<\/a>: antacids containing aluminum; some antiseizure medications such as Dilantin or Phenobarbital; cancer chemotherapy drugs; cyclosporine A; cortisone and prednisone; gonadotropic releasing hormone; heparin; lithium, Depra-Provera, methotrexate; proton-pump inhibitors; SSRIs<\/a> such as Lexapro, Prozac, and Zoloft;\u00a0Tamoxifen; Thiazolidenediones, Actos and Avandia; and an excess of thyroid hormones.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

What are bisphosphonates and how do they work?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Bisphosphonates are a class of drug that are designed to prevent bone loss.\u00a0\u00a0Bisphosphonates originated in the detergent division of Procter & Gamble in the 1960s when the company was looking for an additive that could be used to soften water.\u00a0 Soon however the dental division took over the research to help remove tartar buildup on teeth.\u00a0 The discovery that\u00a0bisphosphonates could stop bone loss led to the release of Fosamax (alendronate) by Merck in the 1990s.\u00a0\u00a0 Our bones are constantly undergoing turnover which is\u00a0kept in balance\u00a0by osteoblasts which create bone and by osteoclasts which destroy bone.\u00a0 Bisphosphonates cause the osteoclasts to slow way down or die thus\u00a0reducing bone loss.\u00a0\u00a0 During\u00a0treatment, the bisphosphonates\u00a0accumulate\u00a0in the bones and\u00a0can persist for decades, continually exposing patients to\u00a0the effects of the drugs long after they stop taking them.<\/p>\n

Are\u00a0bisphosphonates effective for osteoporosis and osteopenia?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

There is evidence that\u00a0bisphosphonates reduce the risk of breakage in patients who have had previous fractures; however, they have not been shown to reduce fracture risk for those who have not already had a fracture.\u00a0 Studies of Fosamax, a\u00a0commonly prescribed bisphosphonate,\u00a0show that, for women with osteoporosis,\u00a0it\u00a0“may prevent\u00a0fractures in the spine, hip or wrist, or in bones other than the spine.”\u00a0 However, in women with more normal bone density, as in osteopenia, Fosamax shows\u00a0no benefit in fractures of the hip, wrist, or bones other than the spine.\u00a0 For women with osteopenia, Fosamax may prevent fractures of the spine.\u00a0 Studies of Actonel, another commonly prescribed bone drug, showed that for women with osteoporosis, it could prevent spinal fractures and may prevent hip fractures, but\u00a0will not prevent wrist fractures.\u00a0 The Actonel studies do not show any benefit<\/em> for women who are diagnosed with osteopenia.\u00a0 Overall it looks like there is some limited benefit for women with osteoporosis and very little, if any,\u00a0benefit for women with more normal bone strength.\u00a0 How small is the potential benefit for women diagnosed with osteopenia?\u00a0\u00a0“Up to 270<\/em> women with pre-osteoporosis (osteopenia) might need to be treated with drugs for three years so that one<\/em> of them could avoid a single vertebral fracture.” [emphasis mine] Even in cases\u00a0where benefit may be gained from taking the drugs, an analysis published by the FDA “found little if any benefit from the drugs after three to five years of use.”<\/p>\n

What are the risks and\u00a0the most common\u00a0side effects of taking bisphosphonates?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Since the benefits of taking the drugs seem to be limited, what are the health\u00a0risks?\u00a0 Are they worth the small but possible benefit?\u00a0 The most common adverse side effects from oral bisphosphonates\u00a0are upset stomach; inflammation of the esophagus; severe bone, joint, or musculoskeletal pain; atrial fibrillation; bone abnormalities; and osteonecrosis of the jaw.\u00a0 Although the correlation has not been confirmed, one study estimated that 3% of atrial fibrillation cases may have been caused by use of alendronate (Fosamax).\u00a0 The side effect of musculoskeletal pain has been described as severe and even incapacitating and can occur soon after beginning the treatment or years after starting the bisphosphonates. Stopping\u00a0treatment doesn’t always give complete relief from the pain, maybe because the drugs remain in the bones for so many years.<\/p>\n

Femoral (thigh bone)\u00a0fractures, an uncommon but serious and well-known\u00a0side effect of taking bisphosphonates, are termed “low-energy or spontaneous” because they result from falls no higher than a standing person or without any fall or trauma at all.\u00a0 Fractures of the thigh bone\u00a0are rare because the bones\u00a0are subject to high stress and don’t readily break unless there is really something\u00a0significantly wrong with the makeup of the bone.\u00a0 How bisphosphonates cause\u00a0the femoral fractures is not known, but one possibility is that the drugs slow down bone turnover\u00a0allowing increased\u00a0mineralization of the bone.\u00a0 This increased mineralization makes the bones stiffer and more brittle.\u00a0 The stiffer bones may cause microscopic cracks that the bones would normally repair; however,\u00a0if bone resorption (death of bone cells)\u00a0is inhibited\u00a0by treatment with bisphosphonates, the\u00a0normal repair process may not be able to take place.\u00a0 The unrepaired, now more brittle thigh bone may\u00a0break more easily than normally repaired bone.<\/p>\n

When bisphosphonates are administered intravenously, additional adverse side effects can occur.\u00a0 There can be fever,\u00a0flu-like symptoms, and osteonecrosis (bone death)\u00a0of the jaw.\u00a0 Osteonecrosis can occur when\u00a0the bisphosphonates\u00a0work too well.\u00a0 The drugs inhibit bone cell death which can cause\u00a0the bones\u00a0to become too dense.\u00a0\u00a0Too dense bones\u00a0can displace the space for the bone marrow which keeps the bones alive.<\/p>\n

What are natural alternatives to taking drugs?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

If you decide, like I did, not to take bisphosphonates, there are natural and effective alternatives to taking drugs.\u00a0 These alternatives include exercising, improving your diet, and possibly taking\u00a0 supplements<\/em>.<\/p>\n

First<\/em>, Exercise is essential. Any type of movement is good for strengthening bones.\u00a0 When muscles contract, they pull the tendons attached to the bones and send a message to the bones to deposit more calcium thus strengthening the bones.\u00a0 The best exercise for osteoporosis is weight lifting–join a gym or get some barbells to use at home.\u00a0 Walking 30 minutes or more a day is basic\u00a0exercise to improve your overall health.\u00a0 But don’t forget there are many other excellent ways to get your exercise: gardening, dancing,\u00a0running, jumping rope, tennis, aerobics, and climbing stairs are just some of them.\u00a0 They’re all good.\u00a0 In fact, the best advice is to do whatever activity\u00a0you enjoy most because that’s the one you will keep on doing.<\/span><\/p>\n

Second<\/em>, What you eat and drink\u00a0can have a profound effect on your health, including your bone strength.\u00a0 Here are some of the changes you can make to help prevent or reverse bone loss.\u00a0\u00a0 Stop eating and drinking\u00a0junk foods. Some junk foods just displace nutritious foods in our diet, but others are actually harmful to bone health.\u00a0 Don’t\u00a0drink\u00a0soft drinks<\/a> (the phosphorus\u00a0promotes bone loss),\u00a0foods and beverages containing fluoride<\/a>, caffeine<\/a>, and\u00a0alcohol<\/a>.\u00a0Stop smoking<\/a>.\u00a0 Add whole Real Foods<\/strong><\/em><\/a>\u00a0to\u00a0your diet.\u00a0\u00a0 Studies suggest that\u00a0our bodies are better nourished by\u00a0eating foods rich in\u00a0minerals and vitamins than by taking supplements.\u00a0\u00a0Minerals especially important for bone health include calcium, magnesium, and trace minerals\u00a0like boron, strontium, manganese, silica, and copper.\u00a0Nutrient-dense foods\u00a0include cheese and other full-fat dairy products (preferably unpasteurized), wild salmon, sardines,\u00a0fish liver\u00a0oils (e.g., fermented cod liver oil), beef liver,\u00a0egg yolks, and bone broth<\/a>.\u00a0 Natto (a fermented soybean product), cheeses, egg yolks, and liver are good food sources of vitamin K2<\/a> which has been shown in Japanese studies to reverse bone loss in people with osteoporosis. The Japanese studies found K2 supplements caused a 60% reduction in spinal fractures and an 80% reduction in other fractures.<\/p>\n

Third<\/em>, If you find it difficult to eat enough nutritious foods, you can add supplements, although they are not as beneficial as getting nutrients from whole foods.\u00a0 Multi vitamins and minerals, including trace\u00a0minerals,\u00a0from good sources may be useful.\u00a0 Fermented cod liver oil is an excellent source of vitamins A and D and omega-3 fatty acids.<\/p>\n

What do I do to keep my bones strong?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Since I decided that I would not take drugs for osteopenia, I thought it was important to focus on healthy ways to prevent bone loss.\u00a0 Here’s what I do:\u00a0 I exercise\u00a0six days a week, at home; I don’t go to a gym.\u00a0 The exercises include\u00a0using free weights, stretching,\u00a0Chi Kung, and sometimes Tai Chi. [Update September 2015:\u00a0 In 2014 I added a 30 minute yoga routine to my morning exercise and have seen benefits to my joints and in my flexibility.]<\/em>\u00a0 I have eliminated all soft drinks, most processed food, most sweeteners,\u00a0and most junk food. [We do eat out once or twice\u00a0a week which I usually put in the junk food category.]\u00a0 My family eats grass-fed beef, pastured or organic poultry, mostly local and\/or organic vegetables and fruits, whole raw milk products, and yard eggs.\u00a0I eat probiotics, such as kefir, kombucha, or fermented fruits and vegetables\u00a0with every meal.\u00a0We have greatly reduced, but not eliminated, grains, and the grains we do eat\u00a0are sprouted or soaked to reduce the toxins and improve digestion.\u00a0 We eat bone broth and lots of homemade soups\u00a0made with bones.\u00a0 I do take vitamin and mineral supplements (including fermented cod liver oil for A and D\u00a0and high vitamin butter oil for K2)\u00a0because my diet in childhood and adolescence was so poor that I’m sure I have deficient bone strength.<\/p>\n

Commonly prescribed bisphosphonates, their generic names, and their manufacturers<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Fosamax, alendronate, Merck
\nActonel, risedronate, Proctor & Gamble
\nBoniva, ibandronate, Roche
\nSkelid, tiludronate, Sanofi
\nDidronel, etidronate, Procter & Gamble
\nReclast and Zometa, zoledronic acid, Novartis [intravenously administered]
\nAredia, pamidronate, Novartis [intravenously administered]<\/p>\n

Update November 22, 2012:<\/strong> Osteoporosis Myth: The Dangers of High Mineral Density<\/a><\/em> explains how a “desease,” osteopenia was manufactured from the normal bone loss due to aging.\u00a0 If someone’s bone density is compared to his\/her appropriate age group, the vast majority of people (usually women) “diagnosed” with osteopenia will fall out of the category.\u00a0 An additional problem with measuring bone mineral density (BMD) is that it is NOT a measure of bone strength.\u00a0 In some cases of high bone density, the bone is actually weaker, not stronger.\u00a0 Also, higher BMD in middle-aged and older women is associated with a 200-300% higher risk of breast cancer.<\/p>\n

Update, December 5, 2012:<\/strong><\/em> A new study<\/a> has found that “Women with higher cholesterol levels have significantly higher bone mineral density<\/a>.”<\/p>\n

Update, May 9, 2013: <\/strong><\/em> “A new study published in\u00a0The Breast Journal<\/em>, authored by researchers at the Department of Surgery, St. Luke’s-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY confirms numerous past studies showing\u00a0low bone mineral density lowers the risk of breast cancer.<\/strong>” [source<\/a>]<\/p>\n

Update, July 6, 2013<\/strong><\/em>: A new study identifies the harmful effects of statins and bisphosphonates on bone health, Statins and Bisphosphonates Inhibit Menaquinone-4 Biosynthesis in Bone<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Update, September 4, 2014<\/strong><\/em>:\u00a0 A new Swedish study<\/a> finds that taking bisphosphonates can risk fractures of the thigh bone.\u00a0 “For those who took bisphosphonates for four to five years, the so-called ‘relative risk’ was 100 times higher<\/em><\/strong> than among people who didn’t use the medications.”\u00a0 While the risk may be worth the benefit for people with osteoporosis, for those with less decrease in bone density (sometimes called osteopenia), the risk may be greater than the potential benefit. [emphasis added]<\/p>\n

Update, September 15, 2014:<\/strong> <\/em>Vitamin B12 is necessary for proper bone growth.\u00a0 “Older women with low levels of vitamin B12 experience significantly more rapid hip bone loss \u2013 a sign of osteoporosis \u2013 than women with higher levels of B12.” “The best dietary sources of vitamin B12 are animal products like organic grass-fed beef, chicken, raw milk, and eggs.”\u00a0 [source<\/a>]<\/p>\n

Update, May 23, 2018:<\/strong><\/em> Gary G. Kohls, MD, says “Lying buried among the large number of boring statistical verbiage [in the FDA-approved product insert] were printed the numbers that revealed that the 50% efficacy rate for osteopenic patients who took Fosamax for four years was actually a deceptive relative risk reduction (RRR) figure that drastically deceptively over-stated the effectiveness of the drug.\u00a0 By doing a little math, I understood that the honest truth of the matter was that patients who took the drug for four\u00a0years had a miniscule 1-2% absolute risk reduction (AAR) in the incidence of fractures, which is a much more realistic figure that Merck, being a sociopathic entity that is inclined to tell half-truths or outright lies, chose not to use in its advertisements.” [source<\/a>]<\/p>\n

Sources<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Bisphosphonate<\/a>, Wikipedia
\nOsteoporosis<\/a>, Wikipedia
\nOsteopenia<\/a>, Wikipedia
\nHow Bisphosphonates Work<\/a>
\nNew Cautions About Long-Term Use of Bone Drugs<\/a>
\nBisphosphonates for Osteoporosis–Where Do We Go from Here?<\/a>
\nSubtrochanteric and Diaphyseal Femur Fractures in Patients\u00a0Treated with Alendronate<\/a>
\nUS FDA Safety Announcement (10-13-2010)<\/a>
\nSevere Pain with Osteoporosis Drugs<\/a>
\nThe Bisphosphonate Story From Detergents to Bone Disease<\/a> (a history of the development of bisphosphonates in the treatment of osteoporosis)
\nAlendronate [Fosamax]\u00a0for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women<\/a>
\nRisedronate [Actonel] for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women<\/a>
\nPreventing Osteoporosis with Nutrition<\/a>
\nDrugs for pre-osteoporosis: prevention or disease mongering?<\/a>
\nLow-Energy Femoral Fractures Associated with the Long-Term Use of Bisphosphonates<\/a>
\nOsteochemonecrosis of jaws and bisphosphonates<\/a>
\nt10c12-CLA maintains higher bone mineral density during aging by modulating osteoclastogenesis and bone marrow adiposity<\/a>
\nOther Causes of Bone Loss<\/a>
\nOsteoporosis Myth: The Dangers of High Bone Mineral Density<\/a>
\nOsteoporosis–Natural Help for Strong Bones<\/a>
\nOsteoporosis Prevention Through Nutrition and Diet<\/a>
\nStrontium Treatment for Osteoporosis<\/a>
\nOsteopenia Treatment<\/a>
\nPreventing Osteoporosis with Nutrition<\/a><\/p>\n

Photo credit: Alendronic acid (Fosamax) tablets<\/a><\/p>\n

This post is shared on Fat Tuesday<\/a>, June 19, 2012<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

If you are a menopausal or post-menopausal woman, you may have\u00a0been told by your physician\u00a0that you should begin taking bisphosphonates–better known under the brand names Fosamax,\u00a0Actonel, Boniva, Skelid,\u00a0Didronel, and others.\u00a0 Several\u00a0years ago it was recommended that\u00a0I\u00a0take\u00a0Actonel\u00a0after I was diagnosed with …<\/span> Continue reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[79,80,172,18,205,204,6,19],"tags":[210,208,211,209,41,84,40,207,206,24],"class_list":["post-2972","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fluoride","category-health","category-nutrition","category-organic-food","category-osteopenia","category-osteoporosis","category-raw-milk","category-real-food","tag-actonel","tag-bisphosphonates","tag-boniva","tag-fosamax","tag-grassfed-beef","tag-health-2","tag-organic","tag-osteopenia-2","tag-osteoporosis-2","tag-raw-milk-2"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p70SEj-LW","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.realfoodhouston.com\/wp-files\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2972","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.realfoodhouston.com\/wp-files\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.realfoodhouston.com\/wp-files\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.realfoodhouston.com\/wp-files\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.realfoodhouston.com\/wp-files\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2972"}],"version-history":[{"count":59,"href":"https:\/\/www.realfoodhouston.com\/wp-files\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2972\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6851,"href":"https:\/\/www.realfoodhouston.com\/wp-files\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2972\/revisions\/6851"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.realfoodhouston.com\/wp-files\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2972"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.realfoodhouston.com\/wp-files\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2972"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.realfoodhouston.com\/wp-files\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2972"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}